I am so sorry that you and your poor daughter are having to deal with this kind of insensitive doctor.
I don't suppose you can deal with any more than you are having to right now, so that neither you nor your daughter could contemplate complaining about this crass oncologist.
Perhaps you could keep a short diary, writing down as you have done here, exactly what was said and how, so that later if you or indeed your daughter feel up to complaining you have a record of what actually occurred.
Much the same thing happened to my sister, who was suffering from brain cancer. A young surgeon told her bluntly that she had at the most two years to live. He hadn't bothered to ask in advance whether she wanted to know the prognosis or not. She didn't, I may say; and it took a long time for her to see that while there is life there is hope.
Is there any chance that your daughter could see another consultant next time? If not, please do encourage her to speak to the nurses and technicians giving the chemo. IMO they are often much more aware of the emotional chaos the patient is dealing with and very much more encouraging.
I hope that the doctor's prognosis will be proved wrong - they are after all human, although it is difficult to believe your daughter's oncologist is actually human, and being human - fallible.
Do please let off steam here, whenever you need, or discuss the fears you obviously don't want to talk to your daughter about, unless she herself brings them up.
My deepest sympathy for all you both are going through.