I kind of know what you mean about using the word lady in certain contexts. Woman can sound kind of bald and abrupt, I admit to using lady in a deferential manner, for example with young children "mind that lady, say thank you to the lady" or referring to an unknown third party in their presence, but in other contexts I hate it, it's kind of old fashioned, "ladies don't behave like that", "ladies nights" "not in front of the ladies" as if we're still encased in tight corsets and need smelling salts should we feel faint if we hear any vulgarities that should be for men's ears only. Also if asked to describe oneself on an official form, no one would put "lady" it would always be "woman". It could be argued that the doctor was using the correct terminology.