In the United States, processed cheese is defined, categorized, and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration under the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 (Food and Drugs), Section 133 (Cheeses and Cheese Related Products).[7][8] Pasteurized process cheese can be made from a single cheese (solid, or powdered), or a blend of several cheeses. Cream, milk fat, water, salt, artificial color, oils (for consistency and texture), and spices may also be added. The mixture is heated with an emulsifier, poured into a mold, and allowed to cool. The definitions include:
Pasteurized process cheese, which is made from one or more cheeses (excluding certain cheeses such as cream cheese and cottage cheese but including American cheese), and which may contain one or more specified "optional ingredients" (includes both dairy and non-dairy items). Moisture not more than 41 percent; fat in the solids, not less than 49 percent.
Pasteurized process cheese food, which is made from not less than 51 percent by final weight of one or more "optional cheese ingredients" (similar to the cheeses available for pasteurized process cheese), mixed with one or more "optional dairy ingredients" (milk, whey, etc.), and which may contain one or more specified "optional ingredients" (nondairy). Moisture must be <44 percent, and fat content >23 percent.
Pasteurized process cheese spread, which is made similarly to pasteurized process cheese food but must be spreadable at 70 ° F. Moisture must be between 44-60 percent, and fat content >20 percent.
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