Scientists are as imperfect as any human being, but their training is to apply their minds to find the best answer they can, and to document all the moves they make in finding that answer so that they can be reproduced by someone confirming the findings - or not, as often happens.
Discredited research is research that could not be replicated. Usually it means that there is some detail that has been missed, or the research was not rigorous enough. Subsequent investigations reveal this, and other scientists learn from the mistakes.
Experts even do research into the Bible, and have done for centuries. They know when and where many things were written, what was going in historically at the time, who the characters were who are mentioned. The Bible is a document, and has characteristics that can be studied.