Section 163 of the RTA 1988 explained
From the College of Policing
Vehicle stops under section 163 of the Road Traffic Act 1988
Section 163 RTA states that a person driving a mechanically propelled vehicle on a road must stop if required to do so by a constable. Not to do so is an offence. There are no procedural requirements for the stop and there is no associated search power.
The officer can ask the driver for their licence and ask the driver and passengers questions, in effect a stop and account. The officer may only search the vehicle or persons in it if one of the stop and search powers applies in the circumstances, eg, if there is intelligence giving reasonable grounds to suspect that drugs or a weapon are being carried in the vehicle. If no power applies, no search can take place.
Although the officer does not need to have any particular reason to stop the vehicle and there is no obligation to explain why the vehicle has been stopped, explaining why the officer decided to stop the vehicle – in line with a procedural justice approach – is likely to improve the quality of the encounter and how it is perceived by the person stopped.
In addition, officers are subject to the public sector equality duty under section 149 of the Equality Act 2010. In the exercise of their functions, the officer must have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, harassment and victimisation. They are therefore not permitted to stop a vehicle solely based on relevant protected characteristics, including the race, age or religious dress of the driver or passengers.
www.app.college.police.uk/app-content/stop-and-search/legal/legal-basis/
It looks so open ended it's quite worrying. I don't blame BAME people for being suspicious of police motives...
They are therefore not permitted to stop a vehicle solely based on relevant protected characteristics, including the race, age or religious dress of the driver or passengers.
How could you possibly prove that you'd been stopped unlawfully under this provision?