the mentality of constant borrowing to put a plaster over things doesn’t make sense.
It doesn't make sense to you, Allsorts, because you, along with most of the population cannot, or refuse to, understand that a government budget isn't the same as a household budget. Nor is it run like a business.
There are similarities in the way it is run to both household and business budgets but there is one very significant difference. And that difference is that the government can issue money. Businesses and households can't do that.
In the sum which is called government 'borrowing' there are two elements. One is money that has been issued by the Bank of England, on the government's instructions, which is not owed to anyone at all because it is completely new money (and this is a major element of our so called 'borrowing'). The other is money deposited with the government through the sale of government bonds and in government savings accounts. People have been investing in government bonds for centuries. They are a safe place for this money because the government will always repay the sum invested if asked to do so and, in the meanwhile, it pays interest on the sum invested/saved. There is no other savings/investment vehicle as safe as this. Any other type of investment is a gamble.
As far as the ordinary, day to day economy is concerned, government spending on public services and infrastructure not only provides services to the public but it also helps to keep the economy running. It provides jobs and buys from the private sector. The wages of the public sector employees are spent into the economy, supporting private sector businesses and, in turn, helping to create employment in that sector.
Ultimately, a large part of the money the government spends into the economy comes back to it by way of taxation (by which I mean not only income tax and VAT, but also fees for things like passports and driving licences).
Taxation is necessary, not to finance government spending, but to ensure that there is not too much money circulating in the economy and causing inflation. It has other functions, too, but that is the main one.
The problem for us, the ordinary people, comes when the government tries to treat the national budget like a household budget and cuts its spending in order to 'balance the books'. All that happens is that many people have less money to spend because their jobs have been cut, there is less money circulating in the domestic economy because fewer people can afford its goods and services , businesses go under and the government takes in less tax... This is what is going to happen in the coming recession if the government does very little to help.
Of course, this is a very simplified version. There are complex interactions within the economy, a need for good forecasting and need for strategic planning, but providing for the wellbeing of a nation can't be left to the 'market'. without any state provision. You only have to read some 19th C social commentators, like Dickens, or Mayhew, or Engels to see what leaving it to the market' with minimal state intervention does for the populace. Not a place most people want to go back to.