Mollygo
My initial conversation was around the rise in rates, whilst councils claiming hardship were buying/leasing fleets of EV.
Re the costs you mention Katie, how many people who can only afford a used car, buy one with the intention of replacing the engine.
I’m not disputing the environmental impact savings of EVs (apart from the mining aspect). There’s an excellent article on the progress of EV and HEV and the challenge to make them cheaper to produce. www.energy.gov/articles/history-electric-car
However, I hope I’m right that you’re not implying less well off people should go car-less if they can’t afford an EV, or afford to buy an EV with a battery that may or may not need an early replacement, depending on usage factors or even chance.
In the past technology was straightforward and owners could do a lot of DIY or use backstreet workshops to maintain cars, the latest cars have much more complex electronics that need specialist computer and internet updates, only available to main dealers. They are going to be increasingly expensive to keep running when the warranty runs out.
A friend has a small Kia diesel 9 yrs old value £4k or so engine has gone wrong, nobody can fix it, they say it will cost too much. Many older cars fail the MOT just because the emissions are too high and it’s too expensive to fix them. EVs have maintenence issues as well DIY is not practical, but cheap S/H EVs are available now, most are only 5 yrs old so, not ultra cheap.
You don’t have to have an EV, petrol cars are available new for 10 yrs, then it’s likely they can be used for 20 yrs+ after, subject to zero emission zones
Regarding HEVs you can buy one today from Toyota your problem is refueling it there are very few hydrogen refueling places, the technology problem is producing hydrogen, it’s going to be decades before enough carbon free electricity is available to produce it on a large scale.