In the school holidays, at about age 7 or 8, I used to get a bus to a swimming pool about 3 miles away. I also took my sister, a year younger, with me. Anything nearby involved walking. We lived in a rural area and gangs of us kids tended to play unsupervised together. We'd go to the nearby river, or parks in Summer or the "Rolly, Polly field to sledge in Winter." No bullying and only minor accidents.
By age 11 I would travel 10 miles to a nearby city, to school, by either bus or train. Sometimes I would get a bus into the local town to the library.
By age 12 I could navigate the Paris Metro with my penfriend. (I do remember the gropers though and I presume some still have the scars).
By age 16 I could book myself a ferry or flight and get myself to my holiday job.
I really cannot believe how young people are treated like small children these days.
My youngest sister was going to let my niece have a few friends over for her birthday when she was twelve (about a decade ago). The idea was that the girls would go to the local cinema and then walk across town to a restaurant that my niece liked, where they would have a meal. My niece would pay and then they would walk back to my sister's house, about half a mile. In the end, as some of the invitees mothers were worried about their "babies", my sister agreed to shadow them (at a respectable distance).