I have used air filters/purifiers for many years and the best, most effective ones are very expensive. I have two blueair in my house, they remove pollen spores, wood smoke particles, VOCs etc I upgraded from previous blue air filters and two of my AC now have those. One has a tendency for asthma and the blueair in his bedroom is very helpful, combined with dustmite bed covers etc
They will not remove flour mites and will remove mould spores in the air but will not stop mould growing on your walls and ceilings. A dehumidifier would help with that as would raising house temperature
Simple air filters might have hepa filters and need to be big enough to cope with air changes in a room. A basic air filter will trap dust and fluff, a very advanced air filter will trap very tiny particles and will even deal with viruses in a room. I have blueair health protect in my living room and classic in my bedroom and be warned that the filters need changing twice a year and they are also expensive
An air filter that is too small and not efficient is not worth having