In Australia you have Medicare state system, but it doesn’t cover everything so not 100% for example some doctors (GP’s) bulk bill they accept the government set benefit payment, you have to pay a gap, but if you are unlucky and the doctor doesn’t bulk bill, you can pay up 50 dollars per appointment (approx £25). Consultants obviously charge more and it can run into 100’s dollars.
Private medical Insurance has differ levels of cover say bronze, silver, gold and diamond, the higher level of cover the smaller the gap you pay, so for example on gold insurance would pay 70% and you would be charged for the remaining 30% plus of course your annual insurance fee. So similar to some insurance cover in the UK now.
Different Australian states had different charges, and regulations and also different insurance payments, I found it a minefield. You also had to have ambulance cover, otherwise you were up for a bill of approx 300 dollars.
No free prescriptions, if you had a state pension or similar you paid a set rate per prescription item, something like £4.00 a lot of people couldn’t afford it them and didn’t both, much like the US.
When you reached hospital the first thing they would ask for was your private insurance card so that they could see your level of cover.
Personally I didn’t ever feel comfortable with it, I always felt they wanted to empty the piggy bank! Give me the NHS any day!