Doodledog
I've just asked Mr Dog (who is not a pensions expert, but who deals with his 97 year old mum's affairs) and he says that his parents used to get a couple's pension when his father was alive. Basically, it is as I thought - the pension was paid to the man but he got an element of it for his wife. It was a sexist system, but regardless, it amounted to a pension for a non-working wife even though it wasn't paid directly to her. I remember women of my grandmother's generation getting pensions whether they had worked or not, and getting them at 60. I don't know what happened in couples where the man was pension age and the woman still working - that was probably quite rare, particularly with the differential in the pension age then.
Since Mr Dog Senior died, my MIL gets a state pension based on her late husband's contributions, as well as his inherited occupational ones. People don't inherit state pensions now, but those on the old schemes did, and still do.
I’m not a pensions expert either, but you’re right Doodledog in that the husbands of women who didn’t work, or those who paid married woman’s stamp, received a married couple’s pension but the wife was paid her part of the pension straight to herself. My mother worked for many years but only paid a married woman’s stamp and consequently she received a pension (it was about £60 per week) from her 60th birthday. Likewise my mother in law. Likewise my sister, although she never worked at all. When my father died my mother received the pension he would have received as a single person and was considerably more than the roughly £60/£65 she was getting. In fact she received considerably more than I do for my state pension even though I contributed the required number of years and paid a full stamp. These women did not do badly, they did well, because they never paid a full stamp, or even paid nothing at all as they didn’t work. The women who have missed out are much younger women, who paid a full stamp because they are being made to wait much longer for the pensions they have paid for. These women were primarily born in the fifties.