Regarding cats being kept indoors. I agree with the previous poster who said if you live in an area where it would be dangerous to let a cat out, then don’t get a cat. The decision whether or not to have an animal should include taking into account their needs, as well as our wants (this, of course also applies to choosing a breed of dog. Unfortunately, most people seem to just pick one they like the look of). We have Siamese cats. I had them many years ago and when I met my husband (nearly 11-years-ago) we wanted to get two Siamese. However, our home, a Georgian Terraced, was on a busy road, so we decided against it until we moved to a quiet area with a garden. We waited 6-years. Sadly, one of our cats was knocked down and killed by a car on our quiet cul-de-sac. He was 15 months old. I mentioned it to our vet, who said better a short, happy, natural life, than a long, unatural life couped up inside. It is mostly young cats who get into trouble. After 2-years-old, they are pretty street wise. My Siamese have always gone out and, in the past, died in old age. Our lost boy’s sister is now is now 6-years-old. She has a reasonable size territory, misses nothing and, together with her ‘sister’ who is 9 (a rescue) enjoys climing trees etc.
As for licencing dogs etc, unfortunately, in my view, that would simply add to the cost of responsible owners, and not effect the irresponsible ones at all.