When I had a similar problem we found out by what I only can call the process of exhaustion that the outside drain was clogged up with a disgusting residue better imagined than described.
When we had a) located said outside drain and b) cleaned it, a task DH, bless him, volunteered for, the problem was solved,
This happened one summer, so I was even more surprised than you by the presence of "snow" all over the tiled floor of the back kitchen.
"Snow" turned out to be mashed up used toilet paper from the upstairs toilet! I no longer put paper down it, as the main use of the upstairs toilet is for weeing at night, so used paper goes into a plastic bag and from there to the bin.
Don't know if this really helps, as you have checked the outside drain.
A quote for those blessed with a spouse:
