Wilmakfit you are so right about industry- and again, a good example as to where more for money and research + planning would really pay dividends. But it is being done in Northern Europe and also here- industries linking processes to the waste or heat of one can be used for another, and then for the community (as in heating fuel). As in the case of the incineration plant for rubbish (NO landfill here allowed)- the heat produced being used to heat a whole estate. It can be done, and done well- but the will ABOVE needs to be there, and the finance.
However, insulating our older housing stock, with grants properly controlled, + solar panel grants again- would also help- as would street lighting, etc. As said, also silly but costly examples of shops being hugely overheated- and then all doors left open all winter, and those gas heaters for pubs, etc. Plain daft- and illegal in many countries. In the USA and hot countries, there are lots of measures that could be taken to avoid heat being trapped, and requiring massive use of air con systems. The list is endless- and we are talking here aobut going forwards, not back to the middle ages, au contraire. But the will and money has to be there- and as long as too many people make money from fossil fuels and old antiquated systems- it won't happen unless WE push for it- with our vote.