the girls' continuing participation shows them to have been willing participants
No, no, no! Women / wives in abusive marriages often do not leave - for all sorts of reasons (fear, shame, rock bottom self esteem) - but staying in an abusive situation for those reasons is not the same as being ‘willing’
Doesn't this also apply to Ghislaine Maxwell herself? The favourite child of a father who both favoured her and was ruthless in beating all his children with a belt if they failed to reach his expectations. She was programmed to charm and flatter the man, who could also physically abuse her, and clearly became adept at doing so.
The space between her father's death, that she has always insisted was murder, not accident or suicide as everyone, including all her familyhave accepted to the time of her falling under Philip Epstein's spell. Equally monstrous, and I suspect equally capable of emotional abuse was very brief. She was programmed to serve monsters and do everything they wanted.
No, none of this is an excuse for what she did, but most of us are quick to plea mitigation for poor women caught up in this kind of thing. The existence of money should not stop us pleaing mitigation for rich women also caught in this trap.