JessM, perhaps being a touch pedantic here, but, you say:
"^So does your outrage extend to less concealing forms of Muslim clothing? Men wearing turbans? Women in saris?^"
These are not Muslim modes of dress. Turbans are worn by Sikhs, and saris are worn by Indian women who are by and large Hindi. Pakistani women, by and large Muslim, wear the salwar kameez.
Someone else mentioned having to cover your face if living in Saudi Arabia. This is most definitely not the case. You are expected to dress respectfully, but this only extends to covering arms, legs and head, and keeping clothing loose to conceal your shape. Some expats will chose to wear the abaya, but I've never met one who donned a burka, or even wore hijab.
Interestingly, in my experience, a lot of Saudi women object to non-Muslim women donning an abaya when in public (a burka would be ridiculed!) They see it as representing their Islamic faith (even though it is cultural not religious) and resent non-Muslims 'mimicking' their beliefs. They are more than happy to see non-Muslims in 'Western' dress, so long as it is modest. The muttawah (religious police) might take a different stance, but moves to restrict their influence is coming from the Sheik at the moment.
I would like to add that, having lived in Saudi Arabia - and with 3 young daughters - you actually want to cover up because men openly undress you with their eyes, no matter how covered up you are. This is very disturbing when you see it being directed at your very pretty, petite, blond 10 year old daughter, as well as your teenagers and you! Even when I returned to the UK it took me some time to re-adjust and stop feeling very self-conscious about my female body, and to stop 'covering up'. It really is something you have to experience to understand. I didn't feel it in Dubai, but I'm sure I would have in Afghanistan or Pakistan.
What comes first? Men demanding that women cover up because they are temptresses, or a society deciding that women should cover because of the lasciviousness of men? Why do some societies see the human form in this way while others accept semi-nudity as the norm and don't have the same levels of sexual tension? (Thinking traditional African tribal life as one example).
Within Islamic societies there are wide variances on 'modest' dress. I have a Malaysian Muslim friend who lives in Dubai, and she wears far more revealing clothes than I would ever wear, and never covers her hair. She considers herself to be a good Muslim. Lebanese Muslim women often go out looking like Donatella Versace!
I have lived in Dubai for 2 spells over the past 15 years, and the Emiratis are extremely tolerant, wanting to attract Westerners, and willing to embrace the differences amongst their multi-national/multi-ethnic/multi-faith population. They do not want their expat population to cover up, stop drinking alcohol and convert to Islam. But things are bubbling under the surface right now, and this gets to the crux of my stand on the OP's post. Wherever you live in the World, surely it goes without saying that you respect the culture and beliefs of your host nation? Surely it also goes without saying that you hope they will respect your culture and beliefs? In Dubai, far too many expats do not accept the cultural, religious and social norms of the UAE. Too many women dress in a way that they wouldn't dream of at home! They see themselves as being 'on holiday' even when they live there, and dress as if they are on the beach all the time. Would they do this at home? We might see the occasional woman queueing in the bank or boarding a bus in 'Daisy Duke' shorts and a strappy vest with boobs hanging out of a too-small bra, but even here we'd probably raise an eyebrow. We would certainly look agog at a women wandering through a shopping mall with a T-shirt and nothing else flung over a still-wet bikini, straight from the beach! (I must add that men in short shorts and bare chests is just as unacceptable to the Emiratis and almost as common a sight). Why chose to do this in a Muslim country?? Is choosing to wear a burka in multi-faith, multi-ethnic Britain more or less disrespectful of the local culture?? In Dubai, this one-sided attitude is creating a back-lash which could rein in the liberal attitude currently in place. Tolerance is two-way street.
I am proud to live in one of the most open-minded and tolerant societies in the world. It is what makes up for the lousy climate!! I am proud that we do not place restrictions on what our citizens believe or what they wear. I do not like to see women in burkas or niqab because to me it does speak of repression. I'm not that keen on hijab, because I see nothing wrong with showing one's hair. I know that these modes of dress have nothing to do with Islam. Islam simply requires women and men to dress modestly. These restrictions are cultural, and radical. I hope that over time, education and assimilation will bring about change, and restrictive dress codes will fade away. I nevertheless accept their right to dress as they chose, and accept their views as being as valid as my own. I would not want to live in a country that forbade anyone to wear certain items that distinguish them in any way. I would not feel comfortable living in France, although I understand and acknowledge the origins of their secular stance.
What is of some concern, as others have mentioned, is the choice made by young, British-born Muslim women to cover up by choice. They are making a statement, and that statement is that Britain does not respect people of the Muslim faith, and I am damn well going to make you sit up, recognise and respect me, because I am proud of my faith and my heritage. Good for them! If they need to do that, it says as much about us as it does them. If pockets (large pockets?) of our secular society have problems with one of the world's 3 major faiths, then we need a wake-up call. If the majority of Muslim women in Britain started to wear the burka, then we would have a problem, I think. It would be a clear indication that they felt unaccepted in our society and had no respect for it either. The give and take would have taken off and gone.
So, it comes back to tolerance and respect. On both sides. When it exists, such issues are no issue. Go with the flow, man. Live and let live. Embrace our differences and love each other regardless. It's what makes humanity so darn fascinating 