One of the fundamental issues of disparity in pension uprating is that only the basic pension is triple locked and earnings linked. The additional state pension (aSP) and other add ons are uprated by the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
You can read a history of pension uprating in this House of Commons Library briefing paper:
researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7812/CBP-7812.pdf
In a Lords debate in 2020, Baroness Altmann question the fairness of not applying the earnings link to the additional state pension.
The then Tory Minister for Work and Pensions Baroness Stedman Scott replied, …
it is not possible to make direct comparisons between the two systems in this way … care has been taken to ensure fairness to both groups … some people may get a larger amount uprated by the triple lock but they will not have access to other elements of the previous system, for example a lower state pension age and the ability to build a higher state pension through the additional state pension.
... which is effectively what Doodledog has, quite rightly, said in her posts.
There was only 1% difference last year between CPI of 3.8% and wages growth of 4.8%, the latter used for this year’s basic pension increase and the former for the aSP. But in other years there has been a more marked difference between the two and that is what can cause a gap to open when comparing the newer single tier pension and the old two tier pension.
However, when you bear in mind that the additional state pension can be as much as £230.54 per week and that around 825,000 pensioners, around 760,000 of them on old state pension, receive more than £300 a week and some more than £400 you can see how expensive it would be to triple lock it.
It’s important to understand that when earnings related contributions were abolished from 6 April 2016 the rate of NIC remained the same at 12%. In other words the NIC that once paid for two tiers of pension, now pays for just a single tier pension but based only on the number of years of contributions. There is no longer an earnings-related component no matter what you earn.
In arriving at the rate for the new single tier pension from 2016, the government set it at a rate just above the basic level of means-tested support for single pensioners with no option to contract out of any part of it.
It was equivalent to 130% of the old state pension and still is.
2016 Old £119.30 v New £155.65 a difference of £36.35
2026 Old £184.90 v New £241.30 a difference of £56.40
In theory then, the difference for someone receiving old state pension is made up of additional state pension.
That £36.35 indexed it by the CPI for each year since 2016 comes to £50.60 so it isn’t far off the current difference, especially after tax - £4.40 to be precise.
The most problematic recent years have been 2023, when the CPI was 6.7% and wage growth 8.5%, and 2024 when CPI was 1.7% and wage growth 4.1%. The difference in 2024 was only 1%, CPI 3.8% wage growth 4.8%.
The government's aim in introducing new state pension was both to simplify it and to make it cheaper per capita to pay in the longer term once everyone with aSP or protected payments had died.
However, we know the number of pensioners is rising because baby boomers are reaching pension age. Around 750,000 new pensioners each year compared to around 600,000 dying, hence all the debate about the sustainability of the triple lock.
Which brings us back to to the argument about percentages because when you look at it per capita we are taking about peanuts. The triple lock this year gave an extra 1% above CPI. For the full new state pension,(which many do not receive anyway due to contracted our deductions or not having enough contribution years), that extra 1% equates to a post tax rise of at most £1.85 per week. Are politicians really arguing over a sum that wouldn’t even buy a decent loaf of bread?
Moreover, by the time some received that £1.85 in May 2026, and many less than that, it's a year after the wage growth that it's based on and the inflation that wage growth will have contributed too. Always playing catch up.