I'm not sure that NI is the way forward, as that seems to be a tax on work, which is not fair. Too much is expected of those who go to work and make compulsory contributions to the treasury, when those who don't get the benefits of living in a welfare state at no cost. Or no income tax cost, anyway.
As it stands, people who have worked, saved and bought houses pay for things that those who have not get free, which is a cause of a lot of resentment. I don't know how to make it fair but also humane, though. Nobody decent wants to see workhouses or paupers' hospitals coming back, but too many people seem to feel entitled to a free ride through life, and IMO one of the reasons for Reform's popularity is that people have had enough of being forced to provide for that. I understand their frustration, but find the thought of a Reform government terrifying.
We need a radical shake up of taxation, and a proper social contract, IMO*. I am very much in favour of a welfare state and of the strong protecting the weak, but that should be on the assumption that if people are capable of contributing then they should do so, and nobody should feel that they are being exploited.
* By this I mean things like a pension system that entitles people to a return on their contributions, rather than one where they are told that they have not contributed to a 'pot' and should be grateful for the 'benefit' of a pension that is often lower than the pension credit they may have got if they hadn't contributed at all. Basically, we need to know that if we do (a), will will get (b) when we need it, with no reneging when the time comes. If people choose to opt out, and there is no good reason for doing so, then everyone needs to know what (c) is likely to involve. I'm not suggesting that it should be punitive, but it should not put people in a better position than if they had done (a) in return for (b).
I think I've made that more complicated than necessary, but I hope it makes sense 