I second the idea of renting - maybe even at first, just a few days in a small b&b whilst you look about.
I have 'gone back', which is why I am posting. I always felt that where I lived most of my adult life, was like a 'posting' - I liked it, met some great people, but never felt I 'belonged'. I now feel myself to be 'home'.
However, my circumstances are different:
I still have my DH who consented to be dragged here, and loves it.
It is a rural area, and although a lot has changed, there is still a lot that is familiar.
I still have 2 family members and 1 old friend living in the area.
It is not, actually, very far from where we previously lived, so meeting friends halfway, or visiting, is not too difficult.
There are some parts of the country where people tend to 'stay' and this is one - although of course plenty of people of all sorts come and go, there still feels here, as if there is a 'core' of shared memories; and my family have lived here as far back as records go. I belong to the local History Group and share family stories.
There are other parts (such as where I spent most of my adult life) where large numbers of people come and go for work and the shared memories are different.
I think that if you can afford to wander a little bit and try out places (if need be, renting out your own home) you may be able to find out what works for you. I think your idea of going back, re-tracing steps is a good one - it will help you work out where you'd like to be.